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Docker is an open source containerization platform that packages an application and all its dependencies into a self-contained unit called a container. Containerization enables applications to run in a consistent and portable manner in any environment.

The basic concepts of Docker include:

1. Image: The basic building block of a container, which contains a complete file system that can run applications.
2. Container: A running instance created based on an image. It is an independent, isolated environment in which applications can run.
3. Repository: A place for storing and sharing images. Images can be pulled and pushed from public or private repositories.

The advantages of Docker include:

1. Flexibility and portability: Docker containers can run in any environment that supports Docker, allowing applications to have consistent behavior in different development, test, and production environments.
2. Efficiency: Docker uses operating system-level virtualization technology. The start and stop speed of containers is very fast, and applications can be quickly deployed and expanded.
3. Isolation: Each Docker container is independent and does not affect each other. Resource isolation between containers can prevent conflicts and interference between applications.
4. Manageability: Docker provides a set of easy-to-use command line tools and APIs that can easily create, start, stop, delete and manage containers.

In application development, practical applications of Docker include:

1. Development environment isolation: By running the development environment in a container, you can ensure that developers have the same development environment on different machines, avoiding problems caused by environmental differences.
2. Application deployment and delivery: Package the application and all its dependencies as an image and use the same image to deploy the application in the production environment to achieve a consistent delivery process and reduce deployment issues.
3. Microservice architecture: Split the application into multiple small services, each of which runs in an independent container to achieve a loosely coupled, scalable, and manageable architecture.
4. Continuous integration and continuous deployment: Combining Docker and continuous integration/continuous deployment tools can automate the build, test, and deployment processes, shorten the release cycle, and improve development efficiency.