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1. Basic Usage

• If there is such a scenario:20 users compete for 10 tickets。

1.1 Unlocked code implementation

public class TicketDemo {
   

    // 票总数
    private int ticketNum = 10;

    /**
     * 抢票
     */
    public void getTicket() {
   
        if (ticketNum <= 0) {
   
            return;
        }
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 抢到一张票，剩余：" + ticketNum);
        // 非原子性操作
        ticketNum--;
    }

    /**
     * 测试：20个人抢一张票
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
   
        TicketDemo ticketDemo = new TicketDemo();
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
   
            new Thread(ticketDemo::getTicket).start();
        }
    }
}
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Results of the:

You can see that it appears Oversold Problem, there are 10 tickets in total, when 20 threads grab tickets together, 11 people get tickets. This is because if two threads pass the if check at the same time.

Therefore, we need to lock the vote count operation to ensure that only one thread is checking and deducting votes at the same time.

1.2 Locking code implementation

public class TicketDemo {
   

    // 锁
    private static Object lock = new Object();

    // 票总数
    private int ticketNum = 10;

    /**
     * 抢票
     */
    public void getTicket() {
   
        synchronized (lock) {
   
    
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