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Per il modello fare riferimento al capitolo precedente:

Oggetto Django QuerySet, metodo filter()-CSDN Blog

Il metodo esclude() viene utilizzato per escludere i dati che soddisfano le condizioni.

1. Aggiungi la funzione di visualizzazione

Prova/app11/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import Post

def index(request):
    posts = Post.objects.all()
    return render(request, '11/index.html', {'posts': posts})



# apps/books/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import Book

def book_list_view(request):
    # 使用filter()方法获取所有价格在10到20之间的书籍
    # books = Book.objects.filter(price__gte=10, price__lte=20)  # __gte是“greater than or equal to”（大于等于）的缩写，__lte是“less than or equal to”（小于等于）的缩写。
    # books = Book.objects.filter(price__gt=10)   # 在Django的ORM（对象关系映射）查询中，__gt是过滤条件的一个特殊语法，用于表示“大于”（greater than）。
    books = Book.objects.filter(price__lt=29.99)   # __lt 是“less than”（小于）的缩写。
    return render(request, '11/book_list.html', {'books': books})

def get_book_view(request):
    try:
        # 使用get()方法获取标题为"Python Cookbook"的书籍
        book = Book.objects.get(id=19)
        # 现在book变量包含了匹配的书籍对象
        print(book)
        return render(request, '11/book_detail.html', {'book': book})
    except Book.DoesNotExist:
        # 如果没有找到匹配的书籍，返回错误信息
        return HttpResponse("Book not found.")
    except Book.MultipleObjectsReturned:
        # 如果找到多个匹配的书籍，返回错误信息
        return HttpResponse("Multiple books found with the same title.")



def book_list_view_exclude(request):
    # 使用exclude()方法获取所有价格不等于10且标题不包含"Python"的书籍
    books = Book.objects.exclude(price=9.99).exclude(title__icontains="Python")
    return render(request, '11/book_list_exclude.html', {'books': books})

2. Aggiungi il codice html

Test/templates/11/book_list_exclude.html

                                   

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