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Tabula contentorum

Caput VI Res gestae et operationes dividendae

6.1 Stabat object

6,2 Communiter modi in notis

6.3 Slicing operatio

Caput VI Res gestae et operationes dividendae

6.1 Stabat object

Filum: filum constans ex pluribus characteribus

Moribus: nudo oculo signa visibilia

Bytes: invisibilia nudo oculo

Quomodo Python chordas definit:

duplices quotes trina quotes str ( ) .

6,2 Communiter modi in notis

 >>> dir(s)
 ['capitalize', 'casefold', 'center', 'count', 'encode', 'endswith', 'expandtabs', 'find', 'format', 'format_map', 'index', 'isalnum', 'isalpha', 'isascii', 'isdecimal', 'isdigit', 'isidentifier', 'islower', 'isnumeric', 'isprintable', 'isspace', 'istitle', 'isupper', 'join', 'ljust', 'lower', 'lstrip', 'maketrans', 'partition', 'removeprefix', 'removesuffix', 'replace', 'rfind', 'rindex', 'rjust', 'rpartition', 'rsplit', 'rstrip', 'split', 'splitlines', 'startswith', 'strip', 'swapcase', 'title', 'translate', 'upper', 'zfill']

capitalize ------- fac prima littera in linea auto

 >>> s
 'this is a string'
 >>> s.capitalize()
 'This is a string'

Centrum (latitudo, fillchar='') ------ Centrum chorda secundum datam longi- tudinem et align eam in centro

rjust --------- ius varius

ljust noctis ------ sinistram

 >>> help(s.center)
 Help on built-in function center:
 ​
 center(width, fillchar=' ', /) method of builtins.str instance
     Return a centered string of length width.
 ​
     Padding is done using the specified fill character (default is a space).
 ​
 >>> s.center(40)
 '            this is a string            '
 >>> s.center(40,"*")
 '************this is a string************'
 >>> s.rjust(40)
 '                        this is a string'
 >>> s.ljust(40)
 'this is a string                        '
 >>> s.ljust(40,"*")
 'this is a string************************'
 >>> s.rjust(40,"*")
 '************************this is a string'

numerare --------- numerat numerum temporum character apparet in filo

 >>> s
 'this is a string'
 >>> s.count("s")
 3
 >>> s.count("is")
 2

endswith ------- an chorda cum XXX

incipitwith ------- utrum linea incipit cum XXX

 >>> s.endswith("g")
 True
 >>> s.endswith("ing")
 True
 >>> s.endswith("f")
 False
 >>> s.startswith("t")
 True
 >>> s.startswith("f")
 False

index ------ Positio ubi character quaesita vel chorda primum in chorda apparet.

rindex ------- Investigatio a dextra ad sinistram, situs ubi prima indoles vel chorda quaesita apparet in chorda (aequivalet ad ultimum eventum characteris vel chordae inquisitionis a sinistra ad dextram in chorda) locus ), si non existit, exceptionem mitte.

 >>> s
 'this is a string'
 >>> s.index("s")
 3
 >>> s.index("is")
 2
 >>> s.index("f")
 Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
 ValueError: substring not found
 >>> s.index(" ")
 4
 >>> s.rindex("s")
 10
 >>> s.rindex("f")
 Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
 ValueError: substring not found

invenio ------- Locus ubi indoles vel chorda quaesita primum in chorda apparet.

rfind ----- Quaere a dextra ad sinistram, situs primi occursus characteris vel chordae in chorda (aequivalet ad positionem ultimi eventum characteris vel chordae in filo a sinistro ad dextrum) ) redit -1 si non est

 >>> s
 'this is a string'
 >>> s.find("s")
 3
 >>> s.find("f")
 -1
 >>> s.rfind("f")
 -1
 >>> s.rfind("s")
 10

encode ----- methodus convertendi chordas ad bytes in python3, decode() methodum convertendi bytes ad chordas (ratio in bytes)

 >>> s
 'this is a string'
 >>> s.encode()
 b'this is a string'
 >>> d = s.encode()
 >>> d
 b'this is a string'
 >>> type(d)
 <class 'bytes'>
 >>> d
 b'this is a string'
 >>> d.decode()
 'this is a string'
 >>> ss = d.decode()
 >>> ss
 'this is a string'
 >>> type(ss)
 <class 'str'>

format ------ format filum, chordarum concatenatis

isupper ------ decernit an linea sit omnibus uppercase epistolas

islower ------- an filum est lowercase litteras

>>> s.isupper()
False
>>> s.islower()
False

istitle ----- Decernite an sit titulus

>>> s.istitle()
False
>>> ss = "This Is A Dog"
>>> ss.istitle()
True

isspace ----- Non vulgo dicitur ad determinare an spatium sit.

>>> sss = "       "
>>> sss.isspace()
True
>>> ss
'This Is A Dog'
>>> ss.isspace()
False

isdigit ------ utrum sit numerus

>>> sss = "123234344"
>>> sss.isdigit()
True
>>> ss
'This Is A Dog'
>>> ss.isdigit()
False
>>> sss = "1233443gggg"
>>> sss.isdigit()
False

isalnum ------ an sit litteris et numeris (alpha-numeric)

>>> help(s.isalnum)
Help on built-in function isalnum:

isalnum() method of builtins.str instance
    Return True if the string is an alpha-numeric string, False otherwise.

    A string is alpha-numeric if all characters in the string are alpha-numeric and
    there is at least one character in the string.

>>> sss
'1233443gggg'
>>> sss.isalnum()
True
>>> ss
'This Is A Dog'
>>> ss.isalnum()
False

isalpha ------ decernit an sit epistula

----- titulum convert filum ad titulum format

>>> s
'This is a string'
>>> s.istitle()
False
>>> s.title()
'This Is A String'
>>> sss = s.title()
>>> sss
'This Is A String'
>>> sss.istitle()
True

converte ------- superius chorda ad auto

Infra ------- Convert linea ad lowercase

>>> s
'This is a string'
>>> s.lower()
'this is a string'
>>> s.upper()
'THIS IS A STRING'

fissura ----- chorda fissura secundum determinatum symbolum, et reditus pretii est index

>>> s
'This is a string'
>>> s.split(" ")
['This', 'is', 'a', 'string']
>>> l = s.split(" ")
>>> l
['This', 'is', 'a', 'string']
>>> type(l)
<class 'list'>
>>> l = s.split("s")
>>> l
['Thi', ' i', ' a ', 'tring']

iungere ------ concatenare iterabile in filo secundum certa forma

>>> ls = ["A","B","c","d"]
>>> type(ls)
<class 'list'>
>>> ss = " ".join(ls)
>>> ss
'A B c d'
>>> type(ss)
<class 'str'>
>>> ss = "*".join(ls)
>>> ss
'A*B*c*d'

detrahe ------- distantiam utrimque

rstrip ------ purgare spatia dextra

lstrip -------- patet sinistram spatia

>>> ss = "                              hhhhhhh                                  "
>>> ss
'                              hhhhhhh                                  '
>>> ss.strip()
'hhhhhhh'
>>> ss.strip()
'hhhhhhh'
>>> ss
'                              hhhhhhh                                  '
>>> ss.rstrip()
'                              hhhhhhh'
>>> ss.lstrip()
'hhhhhhh                                  '

reponere ("originale character", "novi mores") ------ reponere characterem correspondentem

>>> s
'This is a string'
>>> s.replace("s","t")
'Thit it a ttring'

6.3 Slicing operatio

Scalpere: iterabile obiecti ad separatum (continens)

Praecepta grammaticae:

object[start_index:end_index:step]

start_index ------- Satus index (incipiens loco)

end_index ------ index finis (positio finis), valorem non includit ad end_index

gradus ---- gradus magnitudine, potest esse numerus affirmativus vel numerus negativus, numerus affirmativus (a sinistro ad dextrum) numerus negativus (a dextra ad sinistram), defectus pretii est 1

object[:]  ----- 切割的是一个完整的对象
object[start_index:]  ------ 从start_index开始切割到最后的位置，步长为1
object[:end_index] ------ 从最开始的位置切割到end_index处，但是不包含end_index
object[start_index:end_index] ------- 从start_index开始切割到end_index处，但是不包含end_index，步长为1
object[start_index:end_index:step] ------------ 从start_index开始切割到end_index处，但是不包含end_index，步长为step  

Medium inter ostium ante occlusionem et retro

ls = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]

1. secare unum valorem

>>> ls
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
>>> ls[0]
0
>>> ls[-4]
6

2. Integram object

>>> ls[:]
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
>>> ls[::]
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
>>> ls[::-1]  #-1 表示从右往左切割 所以是倒序
[9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]

3. start_index et end_index sunt numeri positivi

>>> ls
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
>>> ls[1:6]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
>>> ls[1:6:-1]  # start_index=1 end_index = 6表示的是从1切割到6的位置，但是不包含6处的值，从左往右切割，step=-1 表示从右往左   
[]
>>> ls[6:1]
[]
>>> ls[6:1:-1]
[6, 5, 4, 3, 2]
>>> ls[:6]
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
>>> ls[:6:-1]
[9, 8, 7]
>>> ls[6:]
[6, 7, 8, 9]
>>> ls[6::-1]
[6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]
>>>

4. start_index et end_index sunt numeri negativi

>>> ls
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
>>> ls[-1:-6]
[]
>>> ls[-1:-6:-1]
[9, 8, 7, 6, 5]
>>> ls[-6:-1]
[4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
>>> ls[:-6]
[0, 1, 2, 3]
>>> ls[:-6:-1]
[9, 8, 7, 6, 5]
>>> ls[-6:]
[4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
>>> ls[-6::-1]
[4, 3, 2, 1, 0]

5. Start_index et end_index coniunguntur cum positivis et negativis

>>> ls
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
>>> ls[1:-6]
[1, 2, 3]
>>> ls[1:-6:-1]
[]
>>> ls[-1:6]
[]
>>> ls[-1:6:-1]
[9, 8, 7]

6. Continua dividendo

>>> ls
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
>>> ls[:8][2:5][-1:]
[4]
ls[:8] ----- [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
ls[:8][2:5]   -----   [2,3,4]
ls[:8][2:5][-1:] ----- [4]

7. tres moduli scindendi possunt etiam esse locutiones

>>> ls
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
>>> ls[2+1:3*2:7%3]
[3, 4, 5]
>>> ls[3:6:1]
[3, 4, 5]
>>> ls[2:6:2]
[2, 4]

8. Slicing potest etiam alia secare

>>> (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9)[:3]
(1, 2, 3)
>>> "ABCDEFGHIJK"[::2]
'ACEGIK'
>>> for i in range(1,100)[2::3][-10:]:
...     print(i)
...
72
75
78
81
84
87
90
93
96
99

Colloquium quaestiones:

1. Si subscriptio range superatur, cum segmentis utentes ad notitias incisas, error erit referendus?

Nullus error referetur.

2. Quomodo in pythone album output regredi?

loop contra

[::-1]

list.reverse ()