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Petitiones Pythonis bibliotheca potens et facilis ad usum bibliothecae HTTP est ad HTTP petitiones mittendas et responsa ad expediendas. Una est e popularibus texturis in Pythone reptantis et late e paginarum paginarum eliciendis adhibitis, websites repere, et API vocatis fac.

Postulata bibliotheca utens, facile varias petitiones HTTP mittere potes, in quibus GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc. Rogationem HTTP rem creare potes, petendi capitis, petendi corpus, et alios parametri, rogationem mitte et responsionem obtine. Bibliotheca petitiones multas opportunitates praebet methodos ad processum rescripta, inclusa contenta responsionis obtinenda, parsing JSON, parsing HTML, etc.

Si petitiones in ambitu loci Pythonis non installantur, mandatum in fenestra promptum inire potes

pip install requests

Install petitiones moduli

Paginam interretialem aperire pro arbitrio possumus, F12->"Ctrl+R" recreare, duplici-click item in nomine

Potes videre User-agente et Crustulum

Nonnullae petitiones bibliothecae functionum et usus communiter adhibitae sunt;

1. Mitte petitionem GET:

   response = requests.get(url)
   

2. Post petitionem mittere:

   response = requests.post(url, data=payload)
   

3. Petentibus capitis:

   headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0'}
   response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
   

4. URL parametri transiet:

   params = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'}
   response = requests.get(url, params=params)
   

5. Tabularium mitte:

   files = {'file': open('file.txt', 'rb')}
   response = requests.post(url, files=files)
   

6. Adepto contentus responsionis:

   print(response.text)
   

7. Parse JSON responsum:

   json_data = response.json()
   

8. Parse HTML responsionis:

   from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
   soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
   

9. Exceptiones tractantem:

   try:
       response = requests.get(url)
       response.raise_for_status()
   except requests.HTTPError as e:
       print('HTTPError:', e)
   except requests.ConnectionError as e:
       print('ConnectionError:', e)
   except requests.Timeout as e:
       print('Timeout:', e)
   except requests.RequestException as e:
       print('RequestException:', e)
   

Praedicta parva pars functionum petitionum bibliothecae est. Multa praeterea munera et optiones provectas praebet, ut sessionis procuratio, authenticas, procuratores unctiones, etc., quae iuvare possunt te reptans telam facere et API facile vocat.

Uno munere completa petitio:

import requests
 
 
def get_html(url):
    '''
    两个参数
    :param url:统一资源定位符,请求网址
    :param headers:请求头
    :return html 网页的源码
    :return sess 创建的会话
    '''
    
     # 请求头
    headers={'User-Agent': '复制了放这里'}
    # 创建Session, 并使用Session的get请求网页
    sess = requests.Session()
    response = sess.get(url=url,headers = headers)
    # 获取网页信息文本
    html = response.text
 
    return html, sess