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2024-07-12
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ambiente de laboratório:
Máquina física Windows: 192.168.1.4
WSL Ubuntu 20.04.6 LTS：172.19.32.196
Um servidor http no Windows: HFS, provavelmente se parece com isto:
O cliente é Ubuntu, o servidor é o servidor http (doravante denominado servidor ou servidor), e o IP do servidor é passado ao programa por meio de parâmetros.
O código fonte está no final.
O programa de função principal está dividido nas seguintes partes:
1. Obtenha parâmetros e selecione a placa de rede para comunicação via netlink (na verdade o Ubuntu só tem uma placa de rede, o ip é 172.19.32.196) e inicialize o ip e a porta do servidor e cliente. Para obter informações sobre como selecionar uma placa de rede para comunicação através da comunicação netlink, consulte o seguinte link:
Comunicação Netlink - leia a tabela de roteamento para obter o IP da placa de rede de comunicação
Parte do código:
...
// netlink通信
uint32_t src_address = getLocalIPAddress(inet_addr(dst));
...
src_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
src_addr.sin_port = htons((uint16_t) getpid()); // 将当前进程ID作为源端口
src_addr.sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *) &src_address;
dst_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
dst_addr.sin_port = htons(HTTP_PORT);
dst_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(dst);
...
2. Crie dois soquetes, envie o soquete e receba o soquete, vincule o cliente (esta etapa é opcional, porque a tupla de quatro neste exemplo permanece inalterada) e defina os atributos do protocolo do soquete.
Parte do código:
...
send_sock_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_RAW);
recv_sock_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_TCP);
bind(recv_sock_fd, (const struct sockaddr *) &src_addr,
sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) < 0);
int one = 1;
setsockopt(recv_sock_fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, &one, sizeof(one));
...
Crie soquetes de envio e recebimento:
AF_INET representa conjunto de protocolos TCP/IP – IPv4;
SOCK_RAW indica que o tipo de soquete é um soquete bruto;
O terceiro parâmetro é o parâmetro de protocolo IPPROTO_RAW, o que significa que os desenvolvedores podem construir e analisar pacotes de dados IP por conta própria. Usar este tipo de protocolo para enviar soquetes exige que nós mesmos encapsulemos os pacotes de dados de saída e calculemos a soma de verificação. , indicando que o pacote de dados recebido é um pacote de dados TCP.
Vincular IP e porta do cliente: Esta etapa não é necessária, conforme mencionado acima, os endereços IP e as portas de ambas as partes permanecem inalterados.
Definir propriedades do protocolo de soquete:setsockopt define as propriedades do soquete de recebimento. O segundo parâmetro é a opção de soquete.
(1) Opções de nível de soquete(SOL_SOCKET)
SO_REUSEADDR: Permitir a reutilização de endereços locais.
SO_RCVBUF: Defina o tamanho do buffer de recebimento.
SO_SNDBUF: Defina o tamanho do buffer de envio.
SO_BROADCAST: Permite o envio de mensagens de difusão.
SO_KEEPALIVE: Habilite o mecanismo keep-alive e verifique se a conexão é válida.
(2) Opção de camada IP (IPPROTO_IP)
IP_TTL: Defina o tempo de vida (TTL) dos datagramas IP.
IP_HDRINCL: instrui o aplicativo a fornecer cabeçalhos IP.
(3) Opção de camada TCP (IPPROTO_TCP)
TCP_NODELAY: Desativa o algoritmo Nagle para reduzir o atraso.
TCP_MAXSEG: Defina o tamanho máximo do segmento TCP.
Neste exemplo, a opção de soquete é definida como a opção da camada IP IP_HDRINCL de IPPROTO_IP - indicando que o pacote recebido contém um cabeçalho IP.
connect_tcp(send_sock_fd, recv_sock_fd, &dst_addr, &src_addr);
//Blocking call
int connect_tcp(int send_fd, int recv_fd, struct sockaddr_in* dst_addr,
struct sockaddr_in* src_addr)
{
int ret = 0;
// Initialize the TCP Session State with the given details
bzero(&tcp_state, sizeof(tcp_state__t));
tcp_state.max_segment_size = MAX_CLIENT_SEGMENT_SIZE; // 初始化MSS
tcp_state.client_window_size = CLIENT_WINDOW_SIZE; // 初始化拥塞窗口
tcp_state.client_next_seq_num = STARTING_SEQUENCE; // 客户端下个包的seq
tcp_state.session_info.dst_addr = *dst_addr; // 目的地址
tcp_state.session_info.src_addr = *src_addr; // 源地址
tcp_state.session_info.recv_fd = recv_fd; // 接收句柄
tcp_state.session_info.send_fd = send_fd; // 发送句柄
tcp_state.syn_retries = 5; // 重传次数
tcp_state.cwindow_size = 1; // 拥塞窗口值
initialize_mutex(&tcp_state.tcp_state_lock);
initialize_mutex(&tcp_state.session_info.send_fd_lock);
tcp_flags_t flags = {0};
flags.ack = 1;
flags.syn = 1;
if (((ret = send_syn()) < 0) || ((ret = receive_syn_ack_segment(&flags)) < 0)
|| ((ret = send_ack_segment(0)) < 0))
{
printf("Failed to set up TCP Connection!!");
ret = -1;
goto EXIT;
}
tcp_state.tcp_current_state = ESTABLISHED;
EXIT: return ret;
}
O processo de handshake é aproximadamente o seguinte:
Percebe-se que ele está dividido em três etapas:
1. Enviar pacote SYN, a função correspondente é: send_syn();
create_packet() cria um pacote TCP. Esta função é muito importante e implementada de forma muito inteligente. Ao definir o ponteiro de deslocamento, o cabeçalho IP, o cabeçalho TCP e os dados podem ser encontrados. O sinalizador SYN do TCP deve ser definido como 1 e, em seguida, o cabeçalho é construído - build_packet_headers A tarefa específica é encapsular o cabeçalho TCP, calcular a soma de verificação TCP, encapsular o cabeçalho IP e calcular a soma de verificação. No diagrama de transição de estado TCP, após o cliente enviar o pacote SYN, seu status muda de CLOSED para SYN_SENT, portanto o estado TCP deve ser definido: tcp_state.tcp_current_state = SYN_SENT então o pacote de dados pode ser enviado. para enviar dados, para criar um temporizador de retransmissão, defina sua função de retorno de chamada. Após o envio do pacote SYN, se nenhuma resposta for recebida dentro do tempo limite, o pacote SYN precisará ser retransmitido. Portanto, o pacote enviado precisa ser gravado no buffer da fila circular de envio. Após o tempo limite, os dados salvos são retirados da fila circular de envio e reenviados.
2. Receba pacotes SYN/ACK, a função correspondente é recebe_syn_ack_segment(&flags);
Use a função recvfrom para receber dados. Após recebê-los, é necessário fazer uma série de testes, como verificar a soma de verificação do IP, verificar se as portas de origem e destino e o IP estão corretos, verificar a soma de verificação do TCP e verificar se o pacote. é um pacote de retransmissão. Então você também precisa definir as direções de deslocamento do cabeçalho IP, cabeçalho TCP e dados no pacote de dados. Então você pode determinar se o sinalizador SYN e o sinalizador ACK do pacote recebido são 1 e se é um pacote RST. Depois de concluir essas tarefas, você ainda precisa processar este pacote SYN/ACK, incluindo definir a sequência do próximo pacote do servidor, definir a sequência do próximo pacote do cliente, atualizar o valor da janela de recebimento do servidor, atualizar o valor da janela de congestionamento e a partir da janela de recebimento Exclua este pacote de resposta da fila circular (porque ele foi processado), libere o espaço criado para receber este pacote e atualize o MSS.
3. Enviar pacote ACK, a função correspondente é send_ack_segment(0);
A terceira etapa é muito simples. Envie uma resposta, indicando que o handshake triplo foi bem-sucedido. O parâmetro 0 significa que o flag FIN é 0, ou seja, o pacote é um pacote ACK. Defina o status do TCP como ESTABELECIDO.
Então, qual é o resultado? Execute o programa e use o wireshark para capturar o pacote:
Pode-se observar que após enviar o pacote SYN e receber o SYN/ACK, o cliente de alguma forma enviou outro pacote RST e, em seguida, enviou o pacote ACK. O programa pareceu funcionar com sucesso, mas na verdade o handshake de três vias para estabelecer o. falha na conexão.
Qual é a razão para isto?
Este programa usa soquetes brutos para comunicação, não chamadas de sistema. Quando o cliente envia SYN/ACK, o sistema operacional primeiro recebe o pacote e, em seguida, verifica se existe um soquete correspondente (criado usando chamadas de sistema) localmente. não for ninguém, um pacote RST será enviado e o handshake de três vias não conseguirá estabelecer a conexão. .
Então, como resolver isso?
Como este programa é principalmente para aprendizado experimental, a solução pode ser usar iptables para descartar os pacotes RST enviados pela máquina. Neste momento, o servidor não receberá os pacotes RST enviados pelo cliente e a conexão poderá ser estabelecida com sucesso. !
Script de shell implementado:
#!/bin/sh
if ! iptables -C OUTPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags RST RST -j DROP; then
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags RST RST -j DROP
fi
./handshake "$@"
Primeiro verifique se o comando iptables -C OUTPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags RST RST -j DROP foi executado.
Ver resultados:
sucesso!
Finalmente, este programa implementa apenas o handshake de três vias e não implementa a onda de quatro vias.
Código fonte：
executar.sh
#!/bin/sh
if ! iptables -C OUTPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags RST RST -j DROP; then
iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags RST RST -j DROP
fi
./handshake "$@"
Faça o arquivo
CFLAGS= -g -Werror -lrt -lpthread
CC=gcc
all:
$(CC) handshake.c routing_table.c tcp_handler.c $(CFLAGS) -o handshake
clean:
rm -rf handshake
aperto de mão.c
#include "routing_table.h"
#include "tcp_handler.h"
#include <ctype.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define WRITE_BUFFER_SIZE 2048
#define RECV_BUFFER_LENGTH 32768
#define REQ_LENGTH 256
#define STRIP_LEADING_NEWLINE_CHAR(ptr)
while(*ptr == 'n')
ptr++;
#define STRIP_LEADING_WHITESPACES(ptr)
while(*ptr == ' ')
ptr++;
#define STRIP_TRAILING_CARRIAGE_RETURN(ptr) (ptr[strlen(ptr)-1] = '0')
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
int send_sock_fd = -1, recv_sock_fd = -1;
struct sockaddr_in src_addr, dst_addr;
char dst[REQ_LENGTH] = {0};
if (argc != 2)
{
printf("Usage: ./rawhttpget ipn");
exit(1);
}
strncpy(dst, argv[1], REQ_LENGTH);
memset(&src_addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
memset(&dst_addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));
// netlink通信
uint32_t src_address = getLocalIPAddress(inet_addr(dst));
src_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
src_addr.sin_port = htons((uint16_t) getpid()); // 将当前进程ID作为源端口
src_addr.sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *) &src_address;
dst_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
dst_addr.sin_port = htons(HTTP_PORT);
dst_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(dst);
send_sock_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_RAW); // IPPROTO_RAW:表示开发人员可以自己构造和解析 IP 数据包
if (send_sock_fd < 0)
{
printf("Error: Creation of Raw Socket failed: %s!!n", strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
recv_sock_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_TCP); // IPPROTO_TCP表示接收TCP包
if (recv_sock_fd < 0)
{
printf("Error: Creation of Raw Socket failed: %s!!n", strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
if (bind(recv_sock_fd, (const struct sockaddr *) &src_addr,
sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) < 0)
{
printf("Error: Unable to bind the receiving socket: %sn",
strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
//IP_HDRINCL to tell the kernel that headers are included in the packet
int one = 1;
if (setsockopt(recv_sock_fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, &one, sizeof(one)) < 0) // IP_HDRINCL:数据中包含IP头
{
perror("Error setting IP_HDRINCL");
exit(1);
}
char psrc_addr[256] = {0}, pdst_addr[256] = {0};
printf("Src Address: %s Destination Address: %sn",
inet_ntop(AF_INET, &src_addr.sin_addr.s_addr, psrc_addr, 256),
inet_ntop(AF_INET, &dst_addr.sin_addr.s_addr, pdst_addr, 256));
if (connect_tcp(send_sock_fd, recv_sock_fd, &dst_addr, &src_addr) < 0)
{
printf("TCP Connection Failedn");
goto EXIT;
}
else
printf("TCP Connection Successfuln");
EXIT: close(send_sock_fd);
close(recv_sock_fd);
}
tabela_de_roteamento.c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <bits/sockaddr.h>
#include <asm/types.h>
#include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#define BUFFER_LENGTH 8192
typedef struct rt_request
{
struct nlmsghdr nl;
struct rtmsg rt;
char payload[BUFFER_LENGTH];
} rt_request;
uint32_t fetch_interface_ip(uint32_t if_index)
{
int family;
struct ifreq ifreq;
char host[256] =
{ 0 }, if_name[256] =
{ 0 };
uint32_t src_addr;
int fd;
if_indextoname(if_index, if_name); // 根据索引值获取网络接口名，如eth0
fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
if (fd < 0)
{
perror("socket()");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
memset(&ifreq, 0, sizeof ifreq);
strncpy(ifreq.ifr_name, if_name, IFNAMSIZ);
if (ioctl(fd, SIOCGIFADDR, &ifreq) != 0) // 获取接口ip
{
/* perror(name); */
return -1; /* ignore */
}
switch (family = ifreq.ifr_addr.sa_family)
{
case AF_UNSPEC:
// return;
return -1; /* ignore */
case AF_INET:
case AF_INET6:
getnameinfo(&ifreq.ifr_addr, sizeof ifreq.ifr_addr, host, sizeof host,
0, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST);
break;
default:
sprintf(host, "unknown (family: %d)", family);
}
inet_pton(AF_INET, host, &src_addr);
close(fd);
return src_addr;
}
void formRequest(rt_request* req)
{
bzero(req, sizeof(req));
/*
struct nlmsghdr 为 netlink socket 自己的消息头,
这用于多路复用和多路分解 netlink 定义的所有协议类型以及其它一些控制,
netlink 的内核实现将利用这个消息头来多路复用和多路分解已经其它的一些控制,
因此它也被称为netlink 控制块。因此，应用在发送 netlink 消息时必须提供该消息头。
*/
req->nl.nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(sizeof(struct rtmsg));
req->nl.nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST | NLM_F_DUMP; // NLM_F_REQUEST表示消息是一个请求
req->nl.nlmsg_type = RTM_GETROUTE; // nlmsg_type消息内容
// 填充rtmsg结构体，即路由表管理结构体，对于上面的RTM_GETROUTE操作来说，只需要定义下面两个内容
req->rt.rtm_family = AF_INET;
req->rt.rtm_table = RT_TABLE_MAIN;
}
void sendRequest(int sock_fd, struct sockaddr_nl *pa, rt_request* req)
{
struct msghdr msg; // sendmsg和recvmsg的参数，描述发送消息和接收消息的结构体
struct iovec iov; // iovec结构体用于描述一个数据缓冲区
int rtn;
bzero(pa, sizeof(pa));
pa->nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
bzero(&msg, sizeof(msg));
msg.msg_name = pa;
msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(*pa);
iov.iov_base = (void *) req;
iov.iov_len = req->nl.nlmsg_len;
msg.msg_iov = &iov;
msg.msg_iovlen = 1;
while (1)
{
if ((rtn = sendmsg(sock_fd, &msg, 0)) < 0)
{
if (errno == EINTR)
continue;
else
{
printf("Error: Unable to send NetLink message:%sn",
strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
}
break;
}
}
int receiveReply(int sock_fd, char* response_buffer)
{
char* p;
int nll, rtl, rtn;
struct nlmsghdr *nlp;
struct rtmsg *rtp;
bzero(response_buffer, BUFFER_LENGTH);
p = response_buffer;
nll = 0;
while (1)
{
if ((rtn = recv(sock_fd, p, BUFFER_LENGTH - nll, 0)) < 0)
{
if (errno == EINTR)
continue;
else
{
printf("Failed to read from NetLink Socket: %sn",
strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
}
nlp = (struct nlmsghdr*) p;
if (nlp->nlmsg_type == NLMSG_DONE)
break;
p += rtn;
nll += rtn;
}
return nll;
}
uint32_t readReply(char *response, int nll, in_addr_t dst_address)
{
struct nlmsghdr *nlp = NULL;
struct rtmsg *rtp = NULL;
struct rtattr *rtap = NULL;
int rtl = 0, found_route = 0, default_route = 0;
uint32_t route_addr, net_mask;
uint32_t if_index = -1;
nlp = (struct nlmsghdr*) response;
for (; NLMSG_OK(nlp, nll); nlp = NLMSG_NEXT(nlp, nll)) // NLMSG_OK:检查nlh地址是否是一条完整的消息
{ // NLMSG_NEXT:当前消息地址，返回下一个消息地址
rtp = (struct rtmsg *) NLMSG_DATA(nlp); // NLMSG_DATA:从nlh首地址向后移动到data起始位置
if (rtp->rtm_table != RT_TABLE_MAIN)
continue;
// RTM_RTA:输入route message指针，返回route第一个属性首地址
rtap = (struct rtattr *) RTM_RTA(rtp); // rtattr结构体封装可选路由信息的通用结构，用于表示 Netlink 消息的属性
rtl = RTM_PAYLOAD(nlp); // RTM_PAYLOAD:即rtmsg层封装的数据长度，相当于TCP数据包去掉IP报头和TCP报头长度得到TCP数据部分长度
found_route = 0;
default_route = 1;
for (; RTA_OK(rtap, rtl); rtap = RTA_NEXT(rtap, rtl)) // RTA_OK:判断一个属性rta是否正确
{ // RTA_NEXT:先对attrlen减去rta属性内容的全部长度，然后返回下一个rtattr的首地址
switch (rtap->rta_type)
{
// destination IPv4 address
case RTA_DST:
default_route = 0;
route_addr = *((uint32_t*) RTA_DATA (rtap));
net_mask = 0xFFFFFFFF;
net_mask <<= (32 - rtp->rtm_dst_len);
net_mask = ntohl(net_mask);
if (route_addr == (dst_address & net_mask))
found_route = 1;
else if (route_addr == 0)
default_route = 1;
break;
// unique ID associated with the network
// interface
case RTA_OIF: // Output interface index
if (found_route || default_route)
if_index = *((uint32_t*) RTA_DATA (rtap));
break;
default:
break;
}
}
if (found_route)
break;
}
return if_index;
}
// Netlink分层模型及消息格式:https://onestraw.github.io/linux/netlink-message/
uint32_t getLocalIPAddress(in_addr_t dst_address)
{
int route_sock_fd = -1, res_len = 0;
struct sockaddr_nl sa, pa; // sa为消息接收者的 netlink 地址
uint32_t if_index;
rt_request req = {0};
char response_payload[BUFFER_LENGTH] = {0};
// Open Routing Socket
if ((route_sock_fd = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, NETLINK_ROUTE)) == -1)
{
printf("Error: Failed to open routing socket: %sn", strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
bzero(&sa, sizeof(sa));
// nl_groups == 0 表示该消息为单播
sa.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
sa.nl_pid = getpid(); // nl_pid表示接收消息者的进程ID
bind(route_sock_fd, (struct sockaddr*) &sa, sizeof(sa));
formRequest(&req); // 构造netlink消息
sendRequest(route_sock_fd, &pa, &req); // 发送消息
res_len = receiveReply(route_sock_fd, response_payload); // 接收消息
if_index = readReply(response_payload, res_len, dst_address); // 从接收的消息中获取if(network interface)
close(route_sock_fd);
return fetch_interface_ip(if_index); // 从if_index获取接口ip
}
tabela_de_roteamento.h
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#ifndef ROUTING_TABLE_H
#define ROUTING_TABLE_H
uint32_t getLocalIPAddress(in_addr_t dst_address);
#endif
manipulador tcp.c
#include "tcp_handler.h"
#define STARTING_SEQUENCE 1
#define TCP_WORD_LENGTH_WITH_NO_OPTIONS 5
#define HAS_TCP_OPTIONS(ptr) (ptr->doff > TCP_WORD_LENGTH_WITH_NO_OPTIONS)
#define TCP_OPTION_OFFSET(ptr) ((char*)ptr + (TCP_WORD_LENGTH_WITH_NO_OPTIONS * WORD_LENGTH))
#define TCP_OPTION_LENGTH(ptr) ((ptr->doff - TCP_WORD_LENGTH_WITH_NO_OPTIONS) * WORD_LENGTH)
#define END_OF_TCP_OPTION_CHECK(ptr) ((*ptr) == 0)
#define TCP_OPTIONS_LEN(ptr) ((ptr->doff - TCP_WORD_LENGTH_WITH_NO_OPTIONS) * WORD_LENGTH )
#define IS_NO_OPERATION(ptr) ((*ptr) == 1)
#define IS_MSS(ptr) ((*ptr) == 2)
#define OPTION_LENGTH(ptr) (*(ptr+1))
#define min(a,b)
({ __typeof__ (a) _a = (a);
__typeof__ (b) _b = (b);
_a < _b ? _a : _b; })
#define TCP_OPTION_DATA_OFFSET 2
#define IS_DUPLICATE_TCP_SEGMENT(tcph) (ntohl(tcph->seq) < tcp_state.server_next_seq_num)
#define IS_DUPLICATE_ACK(tcph) (tcph->ack && (tcph->ack_seq == tcp_state.last_acked_seq_num) )
#define WRAP_ROUND_BUFFER_SIZE(index)
({ __typeof__ (index) _index = (index);
( _index + 1) > MAX_BUFFER_SIZE ? 0 : (_index + 1); })
tcp_state__t tcp_state;
/*
Generic checksum calculation function
*/
static unsigned short csum(uint16_t *ptr, unsigned int nbytes)
{
uint32_t sum;
uint16_t answer;
sum = 0;
while (nbytes > 1)
{
sum += *ptr++;
nbytes -= 2; // 以16位的字为单位计算和
}
if (nbytes == 1) // 如果总长度为奇数个字节，则在最后增添一个位都为0的字节
{
sum += *(unsigned char*) ptr;
}
// 将32bit数据压缩成16bit数据,即将高16bit与低16bit相加,将进位加到低16位上，最后取反
sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff);
sum = sum + (sum >> 16);
answer = (short) ~sum;
return (answer);
}
static void calculate_tcp_checksum(struct tcphdr* tcph,
uint16_t tcp_payload_len, uint32_t src_addr, uint32_t dst_addr)
{
pseudo_header psh;
char* pseudogram;
uint16_t tcphdr_len = (tcph->doff * WORD_LENGTH); // tcph->doff:以32位字为单位表示TCP头长
// pseudoheader
bzero(&psh, sizeof(pseudo_header));
psh.source_address = src_addr;
psh.dest_address = dst_addr;
psh.protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
psh.tcp_length = htons(tcphdr_len + tcp_payload_len);
int psize = sizeof(pseudo_header) + tcphdr_len + tcp_payload_len;
pseudogram = malloc(psize);
// TCP伪首部、TCP头、TCP数据
bzero(pseudogram, psize);
memcpy(pseudogram, &psh, sizeof(pseudo_header));
memcpy(pseudogram + sizeof(pseudo_header), tcph,
tcphdr_len + tcp_payload_len);
// 计算校验和
tcph->check = csum((uint16_t*) pseudogram, (unsigned int) psize);
free(pseudogram);
}
static int validate_ip_checksum(struct iphdr* iph)
{
int ret = -1;
uint16_t received_checksum = iph->check;
iph->check = 0;
if (received_checksum
== csum((uint16_t*) iph, (unsigned int) (iph->ihl * WORD_LENGTH)))
ret = 1;
return ret;
}
static int validate_tcp_checksum(struct tcphdr* tcph,
uint16_t tcp_payload_length)
{
int ret = -1;
uint16_t received_checksum = tcph->check;
tcph->check = 0;
calculate_tcp_checksum(tcph, tcp_payload_length,
*(uint32_t *) &tcp_state.session_info.dst_addr.sin_addr.s_addr,
*(uint32_t *) &tcp_state.session_info.src_addr.sin_addr.s_addr);
if (received_checksum == tcph->check)
ret = 1;
if (ret < 0) {
printf("received_checksum:%d, tcph->check:%dn", received_checksum, tcph->check);
char psrc_addr[256] = {0}, pdst_addr[256] = {0};
printf("Src Address: %s Destination Address: %sn",
inet_ntop(AF_INET, &tcp_state.session_info.src_addr.sin_addr.s_addr, psrc_addr, 256),
inet_ntop(AF_INET, &tcp_state.session_info.dst_addr.sin_addr.s_addr, pdst_addr, 256));
}
return ret;
}
static packet_t* create_packet()
{
packet_t* packet = malloc(sizeof(packet_t));
// send tcp syn
bzero(packet, sizeof(packet_t));
packet->offset[IP_OFFSET] = packet->payload;
packet->offset[TCP_OFFSET] = packet->payload + sizeof(struct iphdr);
packet->offset[DATA_OFFSET] = packet->payload + sizeof(struct tcphdr)
+ sizeof(struct iphdr);
packet->retransmit_timer_id = NULL;
return packet;
}
static void adjust_layer_offset(packet_t* packet)
{
struct tcphdr *tcph;
struct iphdr *iph;
iph = (struct iphdr *) packet->payload;
tcph = (struct tcphdr *) (packet->payload + (iph->ihl * WORD_LENGTH));
packet->offset[TCP_OFFSET] = (char*) tcph;
packet->offset[DATA_OFFSET] = (char*) (packet->offset[TCP_OFFSET]
+ (tcph->doff * WORD_LENGTH));
}
static void destroy_packet(packet_t* packet)
{
if (packet->retransmit_timer_id != NULL)
timer_delete(packet->retransmit_timer_id);
free(packet);
}
static void remove_acked_entries(uint32_t next_expected_seq)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&tcp_state.sender_info.tcp_retx_lock);
while ((tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer[tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer_head].packet_seq
< next_expected_seq)
&& !(tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer_head
== tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer_tail))
{
destroy_packet(
tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer[tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer_head].packet);
tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer[tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer_head].packet = NULL;
tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer_head =
WRAP_ROUND_BUFFER_SIZE(tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer_head);
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&tcp_state.sender_info.tcp_retx_lock);
}
static void reset_packet_retransmission_timer(timer_t* timer_id,
uint16_t timeInSecs)
{
struct itimerspec timer_value = {0};
timer_value.it_interval.tv_sec = timeInSecs;
timer_value.it_value.tv_sec = timeInSecs;
if (timer_settime(*timer_id, 0, &timer_value, NULL) < 0)
{
printf("Failed to set time!!");
timer_delete(*timer_id);
*timer_id = NULL;
}
}
static void build_ip_header(struct iphdr* iph, uint16_t ip_payload_len)
{
iph->daddr = *(uint32_t*) &tcp_state.session_info.dst_addr.sin_addr.s_addr;
iph->saddr = *(uint32_t*) &tcp_state.session_info.src_addr.sin_addr.s_addr;
iph->ihl = 5;
iph->protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
iph->ttl = 255;
iph->version = 4;
iph->tot_len = sizeof(struct iphdr) + ip_payload_len;
iph->check = csum((unsigned short*) iph, sizeof(struct iphdr));
}
static void build_tcp_header(struct tcphdr* tcph, tcp_flags_t* flags,
uint16_t payload_len)
{
tcph->dest = *(uint16_t*) &tcp_state.session_info.dst_addr.sin_port;
tcph->source = *(uint16_t*) &tcp_state.session_info.src_addr.sin_port;
tcph->window = htons(tcp_state.client_window_size);
tcph->seq = htonl(tcp_state.client_next_seq_num);
tcp_state.client_next_seq_num +=
(flags->syn || flags->fin) ? 1 : payload_len;
tcph->doff = (flags->syn) ? 6 : 5;
tcph->syn = flags->syn;
tcph->ack = flags->ack;
tcph->fin = flags->fin;
tcph->psh = flags->psh;
tcph->ack_seq = htonl(tcp_state.server_next_seq_num);
if (flags->syn)
{
char* tcp_options = ((char *) tcph) + sizeof(struct tcphdr);
tcp_options_t mss = {0};
mss.option_type = 2;
mss.option_len = 4;
mss.option_value = htons(1460);
memcpy(tcp_options++, &mss.option_type, sizeof(char));
memcpy(tcp_options++, &mss.option_len, sizeof(char));
memcpy(tcp_options, &mss.option_value, sizeof(uint16_t));
}
}
static void build_packet_headers(packet_t* packet, int payload_len,
tcp_flags_t* flags)
{
struct tcphdr* tcph = (struct tcphdr*) packet->offset[TCP_OFFSET];
struct iphdr* iph = (struct iphdr*) packet->offset[IP_OFFSET];
build_tcp_header(tcph, flags, payload_len);
calculate_tcp_checksum(tcph, payload_len,
*(uint32_t *) &tcp_state.session_info.src_addr.sin_addr.s_addr,
*(uint32_t *) &tcp_state.session_info.dst_addr.sin_addr.s_addr);
build_ip_header(iph, ((tcph->doff * WORD_LENGTH) + payload_len));
}
static int send_packet(void *buffer, int total_packet_len)
{
int ret = -1;
pthread_mutex_lock(&tcp_state.session_info.send_fd_lock);
while (total_packet_len > 0)
{
//Send the packet
if ((ret = sendto(tcp_state.session_info.send_fd, buffer,
total_packet_len, 0,
(struct sockaddr *) &tcp_state.session_info.dst_addr,
sizeof(struct sockaddr_in))) < 0)
{
if (errno == EINTR)
{
printf("Sendto() Interrupted!!");
continue;
}
else
{
perror("sendto failed");
goto EXIT;
}
}
if (ret == total_packet_len)
break;
total_packet_len -= ret;
buffer += ret;
}
EXIT: pthread_mutex_unlock(&tcp_state.session_info.send_fd_lock);
return ret;
}
static void handle_packet_retransmission()
{
packet_t* packet = NULL;
pthread_mutex_lock(&tcp_state.sender_info.tcp_retx_lock);
int index = tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer_head;
while (index != tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer_tail)
{
packet = tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer[index].packet;
// 重启重传定时器
reset_packet_retransmission_timer(&packet->retransmit_timer_id, 0);
if (send_packet(packet->payload, packet->payload_len) < 0)
printf("Failed to retransmit packet!!");
reset_packet_retransmission_timer(&packet->retransmit_timer_id, 60);
index++;
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&tcp_state.sender_info.tcp_retx_lock);
}
static int send_ack_segment(uint8_t fin)
{
int ret = -1;
packet_t* packet = create_packet();
tcp_flags_t flags =
{ 0 };
flags.ack = 1;
flags.fin = fin;
build_packet_headers(packet, 0, &flags);
if ((ret = send_packet(&packet->payload,
((struct iphdr*) packet->offset[IP_OFFSET])->tot_len)) < 0)
{
printf("Send error!! Exiting.. ");
}
EXIT: destroy_packet(packet);
return ret;
}
static int receive_packet(packet_t *packet)
{
int ret = -1;
while (1)
{
if ((ret = recvfrom(tcp_state.session_info.recv_fd, &packet->payload,
sizeof(packet->payload), 0,
NULL, NULL)) < 0)
{
if (errno == EINTR)
continue;
else
{
perror("recv failed");
return ret;
}
}
//Data received successfully
struct iphdr *iph = (struct iphdr *) &packet->payload;
// printf("packet->payload:%sn", packet->payload);
if (validate_ip_checksum(iph) < 0)
{
printf("IP Checksum validation failed!! Packet dropped!!n");
continue;
}
uint16_t iphdr_len = iph->ihl * WORD_LENGTH;
struct tcphdr *tcph = (struct tcphdr *) ((char*) iph + iphdr_len);
uint16_t tcphdr_len = tcph->doff * WORD_LENGTH;
if (iph->saddr != tcp_state.session_info.dst_addr.sin_addr.s_addr
&& tcph->dest != tcp_state.session_info.src_port
&& tcph->source != tcp_state.session_info.dst_port)
continue;
if (validate_tcp_checksum(tcph,
(ntohs(iph->tot_len) - iphdr_len - tcphdr_len)) < 0)
{
printf("TCP Checksum validation failed!! Packet dropped!!n");
continue;
}
if ( IS_DUPLICATE_ACK(tcph))
{
handle_packet_retransmission();
continue;
}
else if ( IS_DUPLICATE_TCP_SEGMENT(tcph))
{
send_ack_segment(0);
continue;
}
adjust_layer_offset(packet);
packet->payload_len = (ntohs(iph->tot_len) - iphdr_len - tcphdr_len);
// printf("packet->payload_len:%dn", packet->payload_len);
break;
}
return ret;
}
static void process_ack(struct tcphdr *tcph, uint16_t payload_len)
{
tcp_state.server_next_seq_num = (ntohl(tcph->seq) + payload_len); // 当前收到的包的序号是seq，长度是payload_len，那么下一个数据包的seq就是ntohl(tcph->seq) + payload_len
tcp_state.last_acked_seq_num = (ntohl(tcph->ack_seq)); // 下一个发包的seq
pthread_mutex_lock(&tcp_state.tcp_state_lock);
tcp_state.server_window_size = ntohs(tcph->window); // 更新对端接收窗口值
tcp_state.cwindow_size =
(++tcp_state.cwindow_size > MAX_CONGESTION_WINDOW_SIZE) ?
MAX_CONGESTION_WINDOW_SIZE : tcp_state.cwindow_size;
pthread_cond_signal(&tcp_state.send_window_low_thresh);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&tcp_state.tcp_state_lock);
remove_acked_entries(ntohl(tcph->ack_seq)); // 删除已经收到回应的数据包
// 更新tcp_state.max_segment_size
if (HAS_TCP_OPTIONS(tcph))
{
char* tcp_options_offset = (char*) TCP_OPTION_OFFSET(tcph);
uint16_t total_options_len = TCP_OPTIONS_LEN(tcph);
while (!END_OF_TCP_OPTION_CHECK(tcp_options_offset)
&& total_options_len > 0)
{
if ( IS_NO_OPERATION(tcp_options_offset))
{
tcp_options_offset++;
total_options_len--;
}
else if ( IS_MSS(tcp_options_offset))
{
tcp_state.max_segment_size =
min(tcp_state.max_segment_size,
*((uint16_t*)(tcp_options_offset+TCP_OPTION_DATA_OFFSET)));
tcp_options_offset += OPTION_LENGTH(tcp_options_offset);
total_options_len -= OPTION_LENGTH(tcp_options_offset);
}
else
{
tcp_options_offset += OPTION_LENGTH(tcp_options_offset);
total_options_len -= OPTION_LENGTH(tcp_options_offset);
}
}
}
}
static void retransmission_timer_handler(union sigval value)
{
int buffer_index = value.sival_int;
packet_t* packet = NULL;
pthread_mutex_lock(&tcp_state.tcp_state_lock);
tcp_state.cwindow_size = 1;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&tcp_state.tcp_state_lock);
pthread_mutex_lock(&tcp_state.sender_info.tcp_retx_lock);
if (tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer[buffer_index].packet == NULL
|| buffer_index < tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer_head)
goto EXIT;
packet = tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer[buffer_index].packet;
if (send_packet(&packet->payload,
((struct iphdr*) packet->offset[IP_OFFSET])->tot_len) < 0)
{
printf("Failed to retransmit packet!!n");
}
EXIT: pthread_mutex_unlock(&tcp_state.sender_info.tcp_retx_lock);
}
void create_retransmission_timer(timer_t* timer, int send_buffer_index)
{
union sigval val;
struct sigevent sev;
struct itimerspec timer_value = {0};
memset(&val, 0, sizeof(val));
memset(&sev, 0, sizeof(sev));
val.sival_int = send_buffer_index;
// SIGEV_THREAD:当定时器到期，内核会(在此进程内)以sigev_notification_attributes为线程属性创建一个线程，
// 并且让它执行sigev_notify_function，传入sigev_value作为为一个参数。
sev.sigev_notify = SIGEV_THREAD;
sev.sigev_value = val;
sev.sigev_notify_function = retransmission_timer_handler; // 定时器到期，重传数据包(即超时重传)
// 创建定时器
// CLOCK_MONOTONIC:从系统启动这一刻起开始计时,不受系统时间被用户改变的影响
if (timer_create(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &sev, timer) < 0)
{
printf("Failed to create the retransmission timer!!");
*timer = NULL;
goto EXIT;
}
timer_value.it_interval.tv_sec = 60; // it_interval:定时时间 60s
timer_value.it_value.tv_sec = 60; // it_value:单次启动时间 60s
// 设置定时器
if (timer_settime(*timer, 0, &timer_value, NULL) < 0)
{
printf("Failed to set time!!");
timer_delete(*timer);
*timer = NULL;
}
EXIT: return;
}
static int send_tcp_segment(packet_t* packet)
{
int ret = 0;
if ((ret = send_packet(&packet->payload,
((struct iphdr*) packet->offset[IP_OFFSET])->tot_len)) < 0)
{
printf("Send error!! Exiting.. ");
goto EXIT;
}
// 创建重传定时器，超时重传数据包 NULL 0
create_retransmission_timer(&packet->retransmit_timer_id,
tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer_tail);
pthread_mutex_lock(&tcp_state.sender_info.tcp_retx_lock);
// 数据包写入发送循环队列
tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer[tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer_tail].packet_seq =
((struct tcphdr*) &packet->offset[TCP_OFFSET])->seq;
tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer[tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer_tail].packet =
packet;
// 发送尾指针加一，指向下一个空队列空间
tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer_tail =
WRAP_ROUND_BUFFER_SIZE(tcp_state.sender_info.retx_buffer_tail);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&tcp_state.sender_info.tcp_retx_lock);
EXIT: return ret;
}
static int send_syn()
{
int ret = -1;
packet_t* packet = create_packet();
tcp_flags_t flags = {0};
flags.syn = 1;
build_packet_headers(packet, 0, &flags);
tcp_state.tcp_current_state = SYN_SENT;
return send_tcp_segment(packet);
}
static int receive_syn_ack_segment(tcp_flags_t* flags)
{
int ret = -1;
packet_t* packet = create_packet();
struct tcphdr *tcph;
while (1)
{
if ((ret = receive_packet(packet)) < 0)
{
printf("Receive error!! Exiting.. ");
goto EXIT;
}
tcph = (struct tcphdr *) packet->offset[TCP_OFFSET];
if (tcph->ack == flags->ack && tcph->syn == flags->syn)
break;
if (tcph->rst || !tcp_state.syn_retries)
{
ret = -1;
goto EXIT;
}
}
process_ack(tcph, 1);
EXIT: destroy_packet(packet);
return ret;
}
static int initialize_mutex(pthread_mutex_t* mutex)
{
int ret = -1;
pthread_mutexattr_t mutex_attr;
if ((ret = pthread_mutexattr_init(&mutex_attr)) != 0)
{
printf("Failed to initialize mutex attributen");
ret = -1;
goto EXIT;
}
if ((ret = pthread_mutexattr_settype(&mutex_attr, PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE))
!= 0)
{
printf("Failed to set mutex attributen");
ret = -1;
goto EXIT;
}
if ((ret = pthread_mutex_init(mutex, &mutex_attr)) != 0)
{
printf("Failed to initialize mutex!!n");
ret = -1;
}
EXIT: return ret;
}
static void get_wait_time(struct timespec* timeToWait, uint16_t timeInSeconds)
{
struct timeval now;
int rt;
gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
timeToWait->tv_sec = now.tv_sec + timeInSeconds;
timeToWait->tv_nsec = 0;
}
//Blocking call
int connect_tcp(int send_fd, int recv_fd, struct sockaddr_in* dst_addr,
struct sockaddr_in* src_addr)
{
int ret = 0;
// Initialize the TCP Session State with the given details
bzero(&tcp_state, sizeof(tcp_state__t));
tcp_state.max_segment_size = MAX_CLIENT_SEGMENT_SIZE; // 初始化MSS
tcp_state.client_window_size = CLIENT_WINDOW_SIZE; // 初始化拥塞窗口
tcp_state.client_next_seq_num = STARTING_SEQUENCE; // 客户端下个包的seq
tcp_state.session_info.dst_addr = *dst_addr; // 目的地址
tcp_state.session_info.src_addr = *src_addr; // 源地址
tcp_state.session_info.recv_fd = recv_fd; // 接收句柄
tcp_state.session_info.send_fd = send_fd; // 发送句柄
tcp_state.syn_retries = 5; // 重传次数
tcp_state.cwindow_size = 1; // 拥塞窗口值
initialize_mutex(&tcp_state.tcp_state_lock);
initialize_mutex(&tcp_state.session_info.send_fd_lock);
tcp_flags_t flags = {0};
flags.ack = 1;
flags.syn = 1;
if (((ret = send_syn()) < 0) || ((ret = receive_syn_ack_segment(&flags)) < 0)
|| ((ret = send_ack_segment(0)) < 0))
{
printf("Failed to set up TCP Connection!!");
ret = -1;
goto EXIT;
}
tcp_state.tcp_current_state = ESTABLISHED;
EXIT: return ret;
}
static int send_fin()
{
int ret = -1;
packet_t* packet = create_packet();
tcp_flags_t flags = {0};
flags.fin = 1;
flags.ack = 1;
build_packet_headers(packet, 0, &flags);
return send_tcp_segment(packet);
}
int close_tcp()
{
int ret = -1;
pthread_mutex_lock(&tcp_state.tcp_state_lock);
if (!((tcp_state.tcp_current_state & ESTABLISHED)
|| (tcp_state.tcp_current_state & CLOSE_WAIT)))
{
pthread_mutex_unlock(&tcp_state.tcp_state_lock);
goto EXIT;
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&tcp_state.tcp_state_lock);
if ((ret = send_fin()) < 0)
goto EXIT;
struct timespec timeToWait;
get_wait_time(&timeToWait, 10);
pthread_mutex_lock(&tcp_state.tcp_state_lock);
if (tcp_state.tcp_current_state & ESTABLISHED)
tcp_state.tcp_current_state = FIN_WAIT_1;
else
tcp_state.tcp_current_state = LAST_ACK;
tcp_state.tcp_write_end_closed = 1;
pthread_cond_timedwait(&tcp_state.tcp_session_closed_notify,
&tcp_state.tcp_state_lock, &timeToWait);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&tcp_state.tcp_state_lock);
EXIT: return ret;
}
static void release_and_update_recv_buffer(packet_t* packet)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&tcp_state.recv_info.tcp_recv_lock);
tcp_state.recv_info.recv_buffer[tcp_state.recv_info.recv_buffer_head].packet =
NULL;
tcp_state.recv_info.recv_buffer_head =
WRAP_ROUND_BUFFER_SIZE(tcp_state.recv_info.recv_buffer_head);
destroy_packet(packet);
pthread_cond_signal(&tcp_state.recv_info.recv_buffer_full);
pthread_mutex_unlock(&tcp_state.recv_info.tcp_recv_lock);
}
int receive_data(char* buffer, int buffer_len)
{
int total_bytes_read = 0, ret = -1;
packet_t* packet = NULL;
struct timespec timeToWait;
while (buffer_len > 0)
{
get_wait_time(&timeToWait, 5);
pthread_mutex_lock(&tcp_state.recv_info.tcp_recv_lock);
if (tcp_state.recv_info.recv_buffer_head
== tcp_state.recv_info.recv_buffer_tail)
{
if (total_bytes_read > 0)
{
pthread_mutex_unlock(&tcp_state.recv_info.tcp_recv_lock);
break;
}
else
{
if ((ret = pthread_cond_timedwait(
&tcp_state.recv_info.recv_buffer_empty,
&tcp_state.recv_info.tcp_recv_lock, &timeToWait)) != 0)
{
pthread_mutex_unlock(&tcp_state.recv_info.tcp_recv_lock);
if (ret == ETIMEDOUT)
{
pthread_mutex_lock(&tcp_state.tcp_state_lock);
if (tcp_state.tcp_read_end_closed)
{
printf("TCP Server Closed!!n");
total_bytes_read = -1;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&tcp_state.tcp_state_lock);
break;
}
pthread_mutex_unlock(&tcp_state.tcp_state_lock);
continue;
}
else
break;
}
}
}
packet =
tcp_state.recv_info.recv_buffer[tcp_state.recv_info.recv_buffer_head].packet;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&tcp_state.recv_info.tcp_recv_lock);
int copied_bytes = 0;
if (packet->payload_len > buffer_len)
{
printf("CHUNKED TRANSFER: %d:%dn", packet->payload_len,
buffer_len);
memcpy((buffer + total_bytes_read), packet->offset[DATA_OFFSET],
buffer_len);
packet->offset[DATA_OFFSET] += buffer_len;
packet->payload_len -= buffer_len;
total_bytes_read += buffer_len;
copied_bytes = buffer_len;
buffer_len = 0;
}
else
{
memcpy((buffer + total_bytes_read), packet->offset[DATA_OFFSET],
packet->payload_len);
buffer_len -= packet->payload_len;
total_bytes_read += packet->payload_len;
copied_bytes = packet->payload_len;
release_and_update_recv_buffer(packet);
}
pthread_mutex_lock(&tcp_state.tcp_state_lock);
tcp_state.client_window_size += copied_bytes;
tcp_state.client_window_size =
(tcp_state.client_window_size > CLIENT_WINDOW_SIZE) ?
CLIENT_WINDOW_SIZE : tcp_state.client_window_size;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&tcp_state.tcp_state_lock);
}
return total_bytes_read;
}
manipulador tcp.h
#ifndef TCP_HANDLER_H_
#define TCP_HANDLER_H_
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/ip.h>
#include <netinet/tcp.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#define TOTAL_LAYERS 2
#define IP_LAYER_OFFSET 0
#define TCP_LAYER_OFFSET 1
#define PAYLOAD_OFFSET 2
#define CLIENT_PORT 35555
#define HTTP_PORT 80
#define RTAX_MAX 8
#define IP_OFFSET 0
#define TCP_OFFSET 1
#define DATA_OFFSET 2
#define MAX_BUFFER_SIZE 400
#define MAX_CLIENT_SEGMENT_SIZE 1460
// #define CLIENT_WINDOW_SIZE 16384
#define CLIENT_WINDOW_SIZE 12000
#define WORD_LENGTH 4
// #define PACKET_MAX_SIZE 16384
#define PACKET_MAX_SIZE 12000
#define MAX_PAYLOAD_LEN (PACKET_MAX_SIZE - sizeof(struct iphdr) - sizeof(struct tcphdr))
#define MAX_CONGESTION_WINDOW_SIZE 1000
typedef enum
{
SYN_SENT = 1,
ESTABLISHED = 2,
FIN_WAIT_1 = 4,
FIN_WAIT_2 = 8,
CLOSE_WAIT = 16,
CLOSING = 32,
LAST_ACK = 64,
CLOSED = 128
} tcp_state_machine_t;
typedef struct
{
uint8_t syn :1;
uint8_t ack :1;
uint8_t fin :1;
uint8_t psh :1;
} tcp_flags_t;
typedef struct
{
uint8_t option_type;
uint8_t option_len;
uint16_t option_value;
} tcp_options_t;
typedef struct
{
char payload[PACKET_MAX_SIZE];
char* offset[TOTAL_LAYERS + 1];
timer_t retransmit_timer_id;
uint16_t payload_len;
} packet_t;
typedef struct
{
packet_t* packet;
uint32_t packet_seq;
} buffered_packet_t;
// TCP 伪首部
typedef struct
{
u_int32_t source_address;
u_int32_t dest_address;
u_int8_t placeholder;
u_int8_t protocol;
u_int16_t tcp_length;
} pseudo_header;
typedef struct
{
struct sockaddr_in src_addr;
struct sockaddr_in dst_addr;
uint16_t src_port;
uint16_t dst_port;
int send_fd;
int recv_fd;
pthread_mutex_t send_fd_lock;
} session_info__t;
typedef struct
{
buffered_packet_t send_buffer[MAX_BUFFER_SIZE];
uint16_t send_buffer_head;
uint16_t send_buffer_tail;
buffered_packet_t retx_buffer[MAX_BUFFER_SIZE];
uint16_t retx_buffer_head;
uint16_t retx_buffer_tail;
pthread_mutex_t tcp_send_lock;
pthread_mutex_t tcp_retx_lock;
pthread_cond_t send_buffer_empty;
pthread_cond_t send_buffer_full;
} tcp_send_data_t;
typedef struct
{
buffered_packet_t recv_buffer[MAX_BUFFER_SIZE];
uint16_t recv_buffer_head;
uint16_t recv_buffer_tail;
pthread_mutex_t tcp_recv_lock;
pthread_cond_t recv_buffer_empty;
pthread_cond_t recv_buffer_full;
} tcp_recv_data_t;
typedef struct
{
session_info__t session_info;
uint32_t client_next_seq_num; // 本端发送的下一个数据包的seq
uint32_t last_acked_seq_num; // (相对的)三次回应包的seq
uint32_t server_next_seq_num; // 对端下一个包的seq(即希望对方下一个包的数据是从第seq开始的)
uint16_t server_window_size;
uint16_t client_window_size;
uint16_t max_segment_size;
uint16_t cwindow_size;
uint16_t ssthresh;
pthread_cond_t send_window_low_thresh;
uint8_t syn_retries;
tcp_send_data_t sender_info;
tcp_recv_data_t recv_info;
pthread_mutex_t tcp_state_lock;
pthread_cond_t tcp_session_closed_notify;
uint8_t tcp_write_end_closed;
uint8_t tcp_read_end_closed;
pthread_t tcp_worker_threads[2];
tcp_state_machine_t tcp_current_state;
} tcp_state__t;
int connect_tcp(int send_fd, int recv_fd, struct sockaddr_in* dst_addr,
struct sockaddr_in* src_addr);
int send_data(char* buffer, int buffer_len);
int receive_data(char* buffer, int buffer_len);
int close_tcp();
#endif /* TCP_HANDLER_H_ */
Referência para este código: https://github.com/praveenkmurthy/Raw-Sockets
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